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Farmer perception of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiderda J.E. Smith) and farm-level management practices in Zambia

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
Monica K Kansiime
Co-authors

Idah Mugambi, Ivan Rwomushana, Winnie Nunda, Julien Lamontagne-Godwin, Harrison Rware, Noah A Phiri, Gilson Chipabika, Mathias Ndlovu and Roger Daya

Date of publication
Institution
Pest Management Science
File format
Language
Gender marker
Description/Abstract

BACKGROUND:Thispaperdocumentsfarmerperceptionsandmanagementpracticesforfallarmyworm(Spodopterafrugiderda J.E.Smith),providingabaselineforthedevelopmentofsustainablepestmanagementstrategies.
RESULTS:91%offarmerscorrectlyidentifiedfallarmyworm,andreporteditasthemostimportantmaizepestduring2016/2017 cropping season, affecting nearly half of cultivated area. Estimated maize yield loss during the season, attributed to fall armywormwas28%.Amajorityoffarmers(60%)usedpesticidesforfallarmywormcontrol,alongwithothercultural/physical practices – handpickingandcrushingeggmasses/caterpillars(36%),andapplicationofash/sandinthefunnel(19%).Farmers usedvariouspesticideactiveingredients,andprotectivemeasureswereinadequate;>50%offarmersdidnotuseanyprotective measures while spraying. Significantly more male than female farmers used pesticides (P=0.05), and the reverse was true for culturalpractices.Significantmaizeyielddifferences(P=0.001)wereobservedbygender,attributedtodifferencesinutilization of production inputs/practices. At least 77% of farmers received and shared agricultural advice, which can be optimized to spreadinformationonfallarmywormmanagementoptions.
CONCLUSION: Increased use of pesticides to manage fall armyworm poses health and environmental risks, besides the high cost for farmers and governments. Research into cultural and indigenous practices used by farmers will offer opportunities for alternative and sustainable management practices. Research efforts should pay attention to gender differences in access to resources and inputs. Tackling fall armyworm at the farm level, and averting yield losses will require integrated messaging addressingotherproductionrisks. 

Other Partners

The United Kingdom (Department for International Development), China (Chinese Ministry of Agriculture), Australia (Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research), Canada (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada), Netherlands (Directorate-General for International Cooperation-DGIS), Switzerland (Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation) and Ireland (Irish Aid, International Fund for Agricultural Development-IFAD). 

Keywords
communication; fallarmyworm; gender; indigenouspractices; invasive; pesticides
Contact name (for further information)
CABI
Contact institution (for further information)
CABI
Citation

Kansiime, M., Mugambi, I., Rwomushana, I., Nunda, W., Godwin, J., Rware, H., Phiri, N., Chipabika, G., Ndlovu, M., & Daya, R. (2019). Farmer perception of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiderda J.E. Smith) and farm-level management practices in Zambia. Pest Management Science. [Online]. Available at: wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/ps

 

 

CCARDESA Category

Resistance to Callosobruchus maculatus Developed Via Gamma Radiation in Cowpea

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
Langa Tembo, UNZA
Co-authors

Langa Tembo* University of Zambia, Department of Plant Science Box 32379 Lusaka, Zambia 
 Lawrent Pungulani         Department of Agricultural Research Stations, Lilongwe Malawi 
 Philemon H. Sohati        University of Zambia, Department of Plant Science Box 32379 Zambia 
 Juliet C. Mataa                Zambia Agricultural Research Institute, Private bag 1, Chilanga, Zambia   
 Kalaluka Munyinda        University of Zambia, Department of Plant Science Box 32379 Lusaka, Zambia 

Funding Partner
Date of publication
Edition or Version
3.00
Institution
Journal of Agriculture and Crops
File format
Language
Description/Abstract

Among the biotic stresses that affect cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L) productivity, infestation by cowpea bruchid beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus) is a major problem, causing yield losses of up to 100 %. To alleviate this problem, use of resistant varieties is a feasible approach for small-scale farmers. In Zambia, there are no reported sources of resistance to C. maculatus. The objectives of this study were: i) to evaluate certain cowpea mutants, generated at the University of Zambia, for resistance to C. maculatus; ii) to cluster the tested genotypes based on height, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight, yield ha-1, number of eggs laid and adult emergence; and iii) to evaluate the candidate mutants for protein content. Experiments were conducted at three locations in 2014/15. The mutants, LT 11-5-2-2, BB 7-9-7-5 and BB-14-16-22, were found to be resistant to C. maculatus across locations and they out-performed their respective parents (p< 0.05) in the degree of resistance to C. maculatus. Cluster analysis, using selected agronomic parameters, showed that the selected resistant mutants (cluster B) were more similar to each other (95 %) than to Namuseba and Msandile (included as susceptible genotypes), which clustered at a similarity level of 78 % (cluster A). The mutants, LT 11-5-2-2, BB 7-9-7-5 and BB-14-16-22, showed resistance to C. maculatus, but their protein content was similar to their parents, indicating that this crucial trait had been maintained in the mutants. 

Partners
Other Partners

 International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

Keywords
Bruchid; cluster analysis; mutations; protein; Vigna unguiculata.
Contact name (for further information)
UNZA
Contact institution (for further information)
UNZA
Citation

Langa, L., Pungulani, L., Sohati, P., Mataa, J., & Munyinda, L. (2017) Resistance to Callosobruchus maculatus Developed Via Gamma Radiation in Cowpea. Journal of Agriculture and Crop [online] vol 3(8), pp 65-71. Available at: : http://arpgweb.com/?ic=journal&journal=14&info=aims&nbsp;

CCARDESA Category

Evaluation of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.walp) Genotypes for Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Maize-cowpea Crop Rotation

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
Simunji Simunji
Co-authors

 Kalaluka L. Munyinda, Obed I. Lungu, Alice M. Mweetwa & Elijah Phiri 

Funding Partner
Date of publication
Edition or Version
8.00
Institution
Canadian Center of Science and Education
File format
Language
Description/Abstract

Nitrogen is a major plant nutrient which is most limiting in the soil due to soil losses of mineral nitrogen (N) form. To ensure availability of nitrogen in the soil, the study was conducted to screen four cowpea genotypes for Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) and their contribution to maize yield in maize- cowpea rotation. The cowpea genotypes used were mutants LT11-3-3-12 (LT) and BB14-16-2-2 (BB) and their parental varieties Lutembwe (LTPRT) and Bubebe (BBPRT) respectively. Trials were established at two sites (Chisamba and Batoka) of different soil types. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was used. Labelled 15N urea was applied at 20kgNha-1 on the four cowpea genotypes during 2015/16 growing season. Cowpea plant parts were dried and milled for 15N isotopic analysis. The data collected included Nitrogen content and atom % 15N excess in the fixing cowpea genotypes and non-nitrogen fixing pearl millet to determine total nitrogen derived from the atmosphere (TNdfa) and total nitrogen (TN) in plant parts which were further used to compute Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF). The results showed that BNF by cowpea genotypes at Chisamba was 63.9 kg ha-1 and was significantly (P<0.001) more than BNF of 6.6 kgha-1 at Batoka. The LT mutant fixed significantly (P<0.001) higher nitrogen of 86.1 kgha-1 and 16.5kg ha-1 at Chisamba and Batoka respectively than other genotypes. However, both BB and LT mutants significantly fixed more nitrogen than their parents and have demonstrated to increase maize grain yields up-to 12 tha-1 in the maize – cowpea rotation. 

Partners
Other Partners

The Golden valley Agricultural Research Trust

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

Keywords
biological nitrogen fixation, cowpea genotype, maize- cowpea rotation, nitrogen
Contact name (for further information)
UNZA
Contact phone (for further information)
260-125-0587/291-777
Contact institution (for further information)
UNZA
Citation

Simunji, S., Munyinda, K., Lungu, O., Mweetwa, A., & Phiri, E. (2019). Evaluation of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.walp) Genotypes for Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Maize-cowpea Crop Rotation. Sustainable Agriculture Research. [online]. Vol 8(1) pp 82-93. Available at https://doi.org/10.5539/sar.v8n1p82

Main traits of 3 new Groundnut varieties released in Mozambique

Author or Institution as Author
Mozambique Agricultural Research Institute
Co-authors

CCARDESA

Date of publication
Edition or Version
1.00
Institution
IIAM
File format
Language
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

In this flyer you will find 3 new groundnut varieties recently released in Mozambique by IIAM (Mozambique Agricultural Research Institute) under an APPSA funded project led by Dr. Amade Muitia. Overall, these varieties are tolerant to droughts, early/late leaf spots and rosette and yield around 2.5 tons per hectare. The names of the varieties are Mapupulo-018, Amena-018 and AMM-018.

Keywords
Groundnut, varieties, new, released, Mozambique, Amena-018, Mapupulo-018, AMM-018
Contact name (for further information)
Dr Amade Muitia
Contact email (for further information)
Citation

Muitia.A(2019) Main traits of 3 new Groundnut varieties released in Mozambique, Maputo, Mozambique.

CCARDESA Category

Knowledge Product KP18 Decision Tool: Climate Smart Pest & Disease Management Option for Livestock

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
CCARDESA
Co-authors

CCARDESA/GIZ

Funding Partner
Date of publication
Edition or Version
1.00
Institution
CCARDESA
File format
Language
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

This Decision Tool aims to help field level extension staff make smart climate decisions on which pest and disease management options best suit their farmers’ context. This tool is not designed as a technical guide to implementation. It is designed to assist extension staff in making climate-smart decisions on improvements to their farming systems with their clients/farmers. Reference to technical guides relevant to the practices and technologies outlined are included at the end of the tool. The tool focuses on some of the Best Bet Climate-Smart Pest & Disease Management Options
for livestock production in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region.

Other Partners

Giz

Keywords
Decision Tool, Climate Smart Pest & Disease Management Options for Livestock, Knowledge Product 18, Extension Staff
Contact name (for further information)
Dr. Simon Mwale
Contact email (for further information)
Contact phone (for further information)
+267 3914991
Contact institution (for further information)
CCARDESA
Citation

CCARDESA and GIZ (2019),  Knowledge Product 18: Climate Smart Pest & Disease Management Options for Livestock. Pg.20  CCARDESA Secretariat, Gaborone, Botswana.

CCARDESA Category

Investigating the Type of Gene Action Conditioning Tolerance to Aluminum (Al) Toxicity in Tropical Maize

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
Victoria Ndeke
Co-authors

Langa Tembo

Funding Partner
Date of publication
Language
Description/Abstract

Maize is a third important cereal crop in the world after wheat and rice. In Zambia, it is an important staple crop. Its production is however hampered by both biotic and abiotic factors. Among the abiotic factors, Aluminum (Al) toxicity causes high yield losses and is directly linked to acidic soils. Application of lime can ameliorate this problem, but it is expensive for small scale farmers.
Developing maize varieties that are tolerant to Al toxicity is cheaper and feasible for small scale farmers. The purpose of this research was to investigate the type of gene action conditioning tolerance to aluminum toxicity in tropical maize. Eleven inbred lines were mated in an 8 male (4 moderately tolerant and 4 susceptible) x 3 female (resistant) North Carolina Design II. Results revealed that general combining ability (GCA) effects due to both males and females were highly significant (P≤ 0.001) for root biomass. The shoot length GCA effects due to both male and female respectively were significant (P≤ 0.01). Similarly, the GCA effects due to females and males for root length were significant, P≤ 0.01 and P≤ 0.05 respectively. The genotype CML 511 had the most desirable significant GCA effect value (1.40) for root length among the male lines while CML 538 had the most desirable significant GCA effect value (0.92) among the female lines. The baker’s ratio for root length was found to be 0.49 implying that both additive and non-additive gene action were important in conditioning aluminum toxicity tolerance in tropical maize.

Keywords
Aluminum toxicity; combining ability; inbred lines; gene action.
Citation

Ndeke V., & Tembo L. Investigating the Type of Gene Action Conditioning Tolerance to Aluminum (Al)
Toxicity in Tropical Maize (2019). 2(4): 1-8, 2019

What are vulnerabilities; who is vulnerable to climate change?

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
NewsDay
Co-authors

Peter Makwanya

Funding Partner
Date of publication
Institution
NewsDay
Language
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

The term vulnerable has become both a noun and verb, and now overshadows the significance of the term, vulnerabilities. For some time now, the term vulnerable has been used to refer to almost everything, yet vulnerabilities refer to the inability to withstand the effects of the hostile environment, while vulnerable refers to the possibility of being attacked, harmed – either physically or emotionally.

Keywords
vulnerability
Climate
Change
Contact name (for further information)
Ganyani Khosa
Contact email (for further information)

Transforming Maize-Legume Systems for Climate Resilience A project implemented in Zambia, Malawi and Zimbabwe

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
CCARDESA
Co-authors

CIMMTY 

Funding Partner
Date of publication
Edition or Version
1.00
Institution
CCARDESA
File format
Language
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

This poster highlights the work that CCARDESA with the support from GIZ has done in Zambia, Malawi and Zimbabwe in implementing climate-smart agriculture practices which saw improved and increased yields in 19 pilot farms.

Keywords
Maize, Legume Crops, CIMMTY, Transforming Maize, Climate smart agriciulture practices
Contact name (for further information)
Nathaniel Mtunji
Contact email (for further information)
Citation

Mtunji.N (2019), Transforming Maize-Legume Systems for Climate Resilience A project implemented in Zambia, Malawi and Zimbabwe.pg.1. Gaborone, Botswana

CCARDESA Category

CROP VARIETIES Released under the Agricultural Productivity Programme for Southern Africa (APPSA) - MOZAMBIQUE

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
CCARDESA
Co-authors

APPSA

Funding Partner
Date of publication
Edition or Version
1.00
Institution
CCARDESA
File format
Language
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

This poster highlights the crop varieties which APPSA has released in Mozambique with support from the World Bank

Keywords
Released crop varieties, APPSA, MOZAMBIQUE
Contact name (for further information)
Dr.Murata
Contact email (for further information)
Citation

Murata.M.  (2019) CROP VARIETIES Released under the Agricultural Productivity Programme for Southern Africa (APPSA) - MOZAMBIQUE. Gaborone, Botswana

CCARDESA Category

Demographic Characteristics and Constraints of Livestock Production in Northern Namibia

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
CCARDESA
Co-authors

Nambia Ministry of Agriculture

Date of publication
Edition or Version
1.00
Institution
CCARDESA
File format
Language
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

The poster identifies constraints that affect livestock production in Omusati, in order to inform the development of remedial actions

Keywords
Livestock, Namibia, Survey, Study, Demographic characteristics of Livestock,
Contact name (for further information)
Dr. Simon Mwale
Contact email (for further information)
Citation

Dr B. Podisi et al,(2019) Demographic Characteristics and Constraints of Livestock Production in Northern Namibia, CCARDESA.Pg.1 

CCARDESA Category
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Funding Partners

4.61M

Beneficiaries Reached

97000

Farmers Trained

3720

Number of Value Chain Actors Accessing CSA

41300

Lead Farmers Supported