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Maize and groundnut crop production among rural households in Zambia: Implications in the management of aflatoxins

Author or Institution as Author
Mathias Tembo
Co-authors

Mary Lubungu, Fwasa K. Singogo, Mike Mwanza, Mathews Onyango,  Patricia Sakala, Mary Pat Selvaggio, Edna Berhane

Date of publication
Edition or Version
1.00
Institution
ZARI, IAPRI, NFNC, Khulisa
File format
Language
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

Maize and groundnut are important crops for both commercial and smallholder farming in Zambia, whose production is being threatened by their susceptibility to aflatoxin contamination. Despite this threat, there is limited knowledge of household growers’ behaviour and applications related to suitable agricultural management practices, as well as growers’ perception and knowledge of aflatoxins and their effects. This limited knowledge has major implications for acute human health effects such as liver cirrhosis and death, cancer, stunting in children, immune system suppression, impaired food conversion, and reduced livestock productivity and/or increased livestock mortality. This cross-sectional survey of smallholder household growers in Zambia was conducted to identify the gaps in the knowledge and application of aflatoxin-associated agricultural management practices. A sample of 3865 maize- and groundnut-producing smallholder farm households were selected in 27 priority districts implementing the Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN)/First 1000 Most Critical Days Programme (MCDP) Phase II. Among the five pre-harvest management practices for maize and groundnuts – namely, controlling weeds, timely planting, controlling pests, and applying basal and top-dressing fertilisers – few households (8%) reported practising all of them. Among the recommended techniques for harvesting and handling maize and groundnuts, the most common harvest-management practices under maize production were drying (95.2% of households) and sorting at harvest (72%). In contrast, very few households (2%) practised at least three of four maize harvest management practices. Similarly, very few households (10%) practised at least 4 of the 6 groundnut harvest-management measures. Comparatively, post-harvest and storage management practices were more commonly practised, although most households did not practise all six post-harvest and storage management measures. Overall, very few households (1% for maize and 4% for groundnuts) were observed to be practising at least 12 of the 14 recommended management practices, implying that there are considerable gaps in the implementation of aflatoxin-related management practices along all stages of maize and groundnut production, consequently posing a significant threat to health and contributing to malnutrition levels in Zambia. As such, there is a need to develop tailored interventions and trainings for farming households, extension officers, and frontline health workers to prevent and manage aflatoxin contamination at different stages of crop production. Furthermore, the elimination of policy constraints, practical barriers of affordability and consumer awareness, and the value attached to the commercial product of Aflasafe, noted to reduce aflatoxin contamination by 80–100%, are of utmost urgency.

Keywords
Maize
Groundnut
Rural households
Aflatoxins
Agricultural practices
Management
Contact name (for further information)
Mathias Tembo
Contact email (for further information)
Contact institution (for further information)
ZARI
Citation

Tembo,M.,* ,Lubungu ,M.,  Singogo ,F., Mwanza, M.,Onyango, M., Sakala, P., Selvaggio,M., & Berhane,E., (2023). Maize and groundnut crop production among rural households in Zambia: Implications in the management of aflatoxins [online] Food Control

 

CCARDESA Category

IIAM e seus Parceiros Implementam Agricultura Adaptativa ao Clima (AAC) para Melhorar a Produção Agrária nos Distritos de Angoche e Meconta

Author or Institution as Author
Osvaldo Chiporia
Co-authors

Americo Humulane

Date of publication
Edition or Version
1.00
Institution
Agricultural Research Institute of Mozambique
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

No âmbito do Projecto Agricultura Adaptativa ao Clima (Projecto AAC), financiado pela Ajuda Popular da Noruega (APN), o Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique (IIAM), a Associação Moçambicana para o Desenvolvimento Rural (AMDER) e a União Geral dos Camponeses de Nampula (UGCAN) desenvolveram um consórcio para implementação de suas actividades nos distritos de Angoche e Meconta, provincia de Nampula.

Keywords
Agricultura, Adaptação, mudanças Climaticas
Contact name (for further information)
Américo António Humulane
Contact email (for further information)
Contact phone (for further information)
+258847659474
Contact institution (for further information)
Agricultural Research Institute of Mozambique
Citation

Osvaldo Chiporia e Americo Humulane. (2023). IIAM e seus Parceiros Implementam Agricultura Adaptativa ao Clima (AAC) para Melhorar a Produção Agrária nos Distritos de Angoche e Meconta.  IIAM. Maputo

CCARDESA Category

HOW TO DO NOTE ON DISSEMINATING MESSAGES THROUGH DIGITAL MEDIA

Author or Institution as Author
SAPP Malawi
Date of publication
Edition or Version
1.00
Institution
Department of Agriculture Extension Services, Malawi
File format
Language
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

The use of digital media in collection and disseminating information on various farming technologies and interventions has improved accessibility of information and feedback. It involves the collection and transmission of digitized content through the internet or computer networks and offline mobile applications (app). This includes text, audio, video, and graphics. The Agriv1(agriculture extension application) and Ulimi ndi Nyengo (web-based platform that transmits agriculture advisory services) were rolled out to perform stated actions. The agriculture extension applications and one of the social media platforms, Facebook were used in the dissemination of information through digital media. This form of technology through which information was shared provided end users or project beneficiaries’ easy access to vital information on interventions being implemented by the project.

Keywords
ICT, DIGITAL, MEDIA
Contact name (for further information)
Upile Faith Muhariwa
Contact email (for further information)
Contact phone (for further information)
+265993155272
Contact institution (for further information)
rexbaluwa@sapp.mw
Citation

SAPP Malawi (2003)How To Do Note On Disseminating Messages Through Digital Media

CCARDESA Category

Guidelines for Capturing Information and Knowledge Products for CCARDESA

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
CCARDESA
Co-authors

Stephen Opiyo and Fally Masambuka

Funding Partner
Date of publication
Edition or Version
1.00
Institution
CCARDESA
File format
Language
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

This document is about the Guidelines for Capturing Information and Knowledge Products for CCARDESA

Other Partners

IFAD

Keywords
Guidelines for Capturing Information and Knowledge Products for CCARDESA
Contact name (for further information)
Baisti Podisi
Contact email (for further information)
Contact institution (for further information)
CCARDESA
Citation

CCARDESA(2021) Guidelines for Capturing Information and Knowledge Products for CCARDESA (p88), Gaborone, Botswana

CCARDESA Category

Satellite Data for Improved Monitoring of Farm Productivity and Early Warning Systems in Botswana

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
Joshua Sikhu Okonya
Co-authors

Enock Warinda, Moses Odeke, Baitsi Podisi, Futhi Magagula, Cliff Sibusiso Dlamini, Andrew Farrow, Felicia O. Akinyemi, Reason L. Machete, Benedict Kayombo, Joseph Tuyishimire, Kenneth Mubea, & Wellington Michael

Date of publication
Institution
Digital Earth Africa
Language
Description/Abstract

Despite the adaptation and mitigation measures that have been put in place to counter the negative effects of climate change and food insecurity, more than 57.8 million people in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) population need food assistance in 2023 due to poor harvests (APA 2023). In Botswana, alone, close to 37,000 people need food assistance (FAO, 2022). This comes against the backdrop of declining agricultural productivity attributed to several factors including high cost of inputs, high incidence of pests and diseases, low input use and extreme weather conditions such as droughts, floods, and erratic rainfalls (FAO 2022).

Keywords
Satellite Data, Climatic Shocks, Adaptation, Mitigation, Limited technical capacity, science-policy
Contact name (for further information)
Joshua Sikhu Okonya
Contact email (for further information)
Contact institution (for further information)
Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa (ASARECA)
Citation

Okonya, J.S. Warinda, E. Odeke, M. Podisi, B. Magagula, F. Dlamini, C. S.  Farrow, A. Akinyemi, F.O. Machete, R.L. Kayombo, B. Tuyishimire, J. Mubea, K. & Michael, W. (2023). Satellite Data for Improved Monitoring of Farm Productivity and Early Warning Systems in Botswana. Policy Brief Botswana, June 2023.

CCARDESA Category

APPSA Lesotho trains staff on the technical administration and customization of the new website

Author or Institution as Author
Department of Agricultural Research
Date of publication
File format
Language
Description/Abstract

Five officials comprising of three (3) Information technology Officers from the Ministry of Agriculture Food Security and Nutrition (MAFSN); One Information technology Officer from DAR as well as the ITKM Specialist from APPSA Project Implementation Unit (PIU) attended the website training in Maseru, Lesotho from the 10th – 11th May, 2023. The training was designed to improve the skills on the customization and administration of the DAR website to respond to growing demands from external and internal stakeholders. Five officials comprising of three (3) Information technology Officers from the Ministry of Agriculture Food Security and Nutrition (MAFSN); One Information technology Officer from DAR as well as the ITKM Specialist from APPSA Project Implementation Unit (PIU) attended the website training in Maseru, Lesotho from the 10th – 11th May, 2023. The training was designed to improve the skills on the customization and administration of the DAR website to respond to growing demands from external and internal stakeholders.

Partners
CCARDESA Category

Onion Variety 243

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (FAREI)
Date of publication
Edition or Version
1.00
Institution
Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (FAREI)
Language
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

Onion 243 is a short-day yellow hybrid variety with high yield potential and is suitable for storage. Plants have a uniform fall over of leaves at maturity. Bulbs are globular, uniform, medium-sized, and firm. Yield is comparable to hybrid varieties which are commercially cultivated locally. The variety adapts well to onion-growing regions except in coastal areas having sandy soil.

Keywords
Onion Variety 243
Contact name (for further information)
Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (FAREI)
Contact institution (for further information)
Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (FAREI)
Citation

FAREI, (2022). Onion Variety 243. Mauritius AD/2022/1 Rev 1.0.

CCARDESA Category

Guidelines for Extraction of Tomato Seeds

Content Type
Author or Institution as Author
Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (FAREI)
Date of publication
Edition or Version
1.00
Institution
Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (FAREI)
Language
Gender marker
Youth marker
Description/Abstract

Guidelines for Extraction of Tomato Seeds

Contact name (for further information)
Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (FAREI)
Contact email (for further information)
Contact institution (for further information)
Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (FAREI)
Citation

FAREI, (2022). Guidelines for Extraction of Tomato Seeds.

CCARDESA Category
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Beneficiaries Reached

97000

Farmers Trained

3720

Number of Value Chain Actors Accessing CSA

41300

Lead Farmers Supported